1. Introduction

Self-management is a relatively new concept in management science. In the process of its development as a science, approaches to its definition, the scope of application have been constantly changing, therefore to date most of the concepts are not strictly defined.

This direction of management came from the West, from countries with developed economies, where the term is defined as «self-management», which is literally translated into Russian as self-management. Initially, the term «self-management» was considered only as a collection of time management technologies. This definition of his was fixed thanks to the book of L. Zayvert «Your time is in your hands».

The beginning of scientific understanding of self-management in management and sociological literature can be attributed to the 90-th. In one of the first publications on this topic, an attempt was made to «introduce into the problem» self-management. Later the term «self-management» was introduced into scientific circulation by L. Zayvert. He was able to give practical recommendations for those who want to improve the performance of their functions as a manager, less to sit up at work and perform their tasks more efficiently, while spending less time on this, preventing stress and improving their qualifications. L. Zayvert proposes to control what managers are often lacking in their work — time. He proposes to draw up work plans in which each activity will be given a certain place, while indicating the time interval during which one can learn to control oneself and the fulfillment of the assigned tasks.

2. Materials and Methods

Interest in this problem is not an accident. The success of each leader depends not only on the material and economic magnitude, but also on how he manages the most valuable acquisition — time. It is necessary to use your time consciously and systematically to achieve your goals.

The ability to get along with people is management, the ability to get along with time — self-management. And the quality of the latter determines the effectiveness of the former. Self-management refers to the consistent and appropriate use of proven methods of work in everyday practice, in order to optimally and meaningfully use their time.

Out of the dozens of proposed councils, managers must choose only those that are exactly like them, and make them work for themselves. Learning to manage time is not a task for a weak person. Power over time is given only in a continuous struggle with the «wasters of time».

Unfortunately, many managers, managing their subordinates, show little personal organization and do not know how to rationally use working time. And this shows that managers do not sufficiently use the opportunities for self-development that self-management can provide them.

For self-management, it is very important to understand where the employee wants to go and where he does not want to go. One of the rules of self-management is: «Random successes are beautiful, but not guaranteed. Planned successes are better, because they are managed and happen more often. » Leaders are recommended to set short-term goals that are consistent with the achievement of a long-term goal. If there is a conscious goal, then all forces will be directed to its implementation.

3. Results

Studies show that self-management, using modern approaches and methods, makes it possible not only to master the art of management, but also to facilitate the mastery of the foundations of the theory. Applying the basics of self-management, the leader can not only achieve progress towards life goals, but also get more pleasure from every minute of life. And, consequently, to achieve greater success in his professional career and personal life, achieving this by less effort.

Modern Russian authors who publish manuals and manuals on self-management, recommend to alternate work and rest. Since many Russian managers do not know how to do this, it’s bad for their health. A person can not always properly respond to emerging problems and find the right way out of the situation, so often people shift their guilt to others or to the circumstances.

Currently, Russian managers provide work to their subordinates, but the interest of employees in carrying out the task of managers is not interested. Now employees need to be enterprising, flexible and quick thinking, and self-motivation becomes the main instrument of success. There are a lot of motives for carrying out this or that activity, motivation and stimulation are different concepts. There are many different theories of motivation and only having studied them, the manager uses the necessary means of motivation.

If we talk about responsibility — an important component of Russian self-management, it can be noted that with participation in management, a person tries to occupy a higher post and offer something new, but not wanting to take responsibility for it.

In general, Russian self-management needs to develop, motivate, define clear life and work goals that play a role in quality work. You need to learn self-motivation and goal-setting in your work. Professional self-realization should play an important role. But due to the fact that a sufficiently large number of Russians do not seek to find a job that would be their favorite, often does not have the means to search for it, self-realization is not one of the main values. A rarity for a Russian worker is satisfaction with work, both morally and materially.

In the Russian practice of self-management, one should note the poor structured work in the group. Often the leader does not have the skills to effectively allocate responsibilities between employees, often he does not believe that it is necessary to spend time delegating the powers and working functions of people. The leader gives the task to the entire group of employees without distribution, which can lead to conflicts within the team, and therefore there will be no effective result from the task.

4. Discussions

In general, Russian self-management needs to develop, motivate, define clear life and work goals that play a role in quality work. You need to learn self-motivation and goal-setting in your work. Professional self-realization should play an important role. But due to the fact that a sufficiently large number of Russians do not seek to find a job that would be their favorite, often does not have the means to search for it, self-realization is not one of the main values. A rarity for a Russian worker is satisfaction with work, both morally and materially.

In the West, a person, getting from the working environment into the home, leaves all the working problems behind the doors of his organization. Russian managers should use this behavior in practice, it is necessary to distinguish between home and work problems that need to be addressed.

Self-management involves adapting to change. In Japan, a person studies various innovations every year, improves his skills and knowledge with a break from work for 1-3 months. And training is at the expense of the organization’s resources, that is, we are dealing here with investing in people as a resource of production. In our country, not so often there are reports of hiring, which provides free training for a new employee. Therefore, a person should motivate himself to constantly study the latest technologies, techniques, etc.